<p>Electrical Circuits – Class 12 NEB Physics (2082/2083 Updated Syllabus) The chapter "Electrical Circuits" deals with the flow of electric current in direct current (DC) circuits. It includes key laws, circuit solving techniques, and practical devices like the Wheatstone bridge and potentiometer. These notes are based on the latest NEB Class 12 Physics syllabus and include all important theory, formulas, and solved numericals. Main Topics Covered: Ohm’s Law and basic circuit concepts Series and parallel combinations of resistors Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL) and Voltage Law (KVL) Wheatstone Bridge – principle and balancing condition Meter Bridge – construction and working Potentiometer – measurement of EMF, comparison of EMFs, internal resistance of a cell Electrical energy and power Combination of cells – series and parallel Practical numerical problems with solutions Important Formulas: V = IR R_total (series) = R1 + R2 + R3 1/R_total (parallel) = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 Power = VI = I²R = V²/R KCL: Sum of incoming currents = Sum of outgoing currents KVL: Sum of voltage drops in a closed loop = 0 Wheatstone bridge balance: (R1 / R2) = (R3 / R4) Potentiometer: V ∝ length of wire (for uniform wire) Why Use These Notes: Covers complete theory and derivations Based on NEB 2080/2081 Physics curriculum Includes solved numericals and short/long questions Easy to understand and exam-focused Useful for NEB board exams and entrance preparation (IOE, CTEVT, etc.)</p>
Loading: 0%
© 2025 NEB Resource. All rights reserved. Content is protected and may not be copied without permission.