<p>Alternating Current – Class 12 NEB Physics Notes This chapter covers the key concepts of alternating current (AC) as per the NEB Class 12 Physics curriculum (2080/2081). It includes formulas, explanations, and numerical solutions to help students prepare for board exams. Topics Covered: Introduction to AC Peak, average, and RMS values AC through resistor, inductor, and capacitor Reactance and impedance Phasor diagrams and phase difference AC through RLC series circuit Power in AC circuits and power factor Resonance in LCR circuit Quality factor Transformer and choke coil Solved numericals Key Formulas: I = I₀ sin(ωt) Irms = I₀ / √2 Vrms = V₀ / √2 XL = ωL XC = 1 / (ωC) Z = √(R² + (XL - XC)²) tan(φ) = (XL - XC) / R P = Vrms × Irms × cos(φ) Why these notes are helpful: Covers all NEB exam topics Includes all important derivations Easy to understand for self-study Helpful for numerical problem-solving</p>
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